Sealcoating involves the application of a coal tar or asphalt-based emulsion onto the surface of the asphalt. This coating creates a protective layer that shields the pavement from the damaging effects of sunlight, oxidation, weathering and automotive fluids. It also helps to fill small cracks and gaps, preventing water penetration and minimizing further deterioration.

The sealcoat material typically contains aggregates like sand or silica, which improve traction and durability. After proper cleaning and preparation of the asphalt surface, the sealcoat is spread using a squeegee, brush, or spray application. It needs time to cure and dry, usually a day or two, before allowing traffic back onto the sealed area.